Laser has long been used for material processing, and its applications to nanomaterials for their direct synthesis, positioning and processing are currently active fields of study. Our objective is to develop novel laser processing for nanomaterials: The main mechanism of typical laser processes is photothermal reaction by a focused laser that remotely generates confined temperature field at a desired position with high controllability. However, recent advances in laser process further incorporates not only different optical responses such as optical forces and photochemical reactions for more advanced manipulation of nanomaterials, but also the interaction between electromagnetic waves, nanostructures and underlying substrates to facilitate novel processing those cannot be achieved by any other means.