From the past, various kinds of cancer cells due to various causes have threatened human life. Thus, conquering cancer and raising the quality of human life has become one of the oldest challenges of mankind. In order to overcome the disease from cancer, radiation therapy started and progressed more than 100 years ago. However, radiation (short wavelength of light) treatment not only cancer cells, but also give a lot of energy to the normal cells, cancer cells cause abnormalities in normal cells. In order to overcome this problem, it was possible to cope with this problem by accelerating charged particles and irradiating cancer cells. This is because of the effect of Bragg peak. Therefore, particle accelerators, which have been used in high energy physics and nuclear physics, have been used to utilize accelerated charge particles (protons and carbon ions). The history of particle accelerators for various cancer treatments, current progress and future directions will be ranged over.